Development trend of sports underwear market

Underwear is a huge piece of cake, and each underwear business wants to get a piece of it. Therefore, each of them has made every effort to advertise it through traditional TV or discount sales at the counter of the mall. The so-called Eight Immortals cross the sea, each showing its magical powers. However, the layman looks lively and the layman looks at the doorway. From the perspective of Underwear Show, there are actually a lot of knowledge behind different marketing techniques. Taking women's sportswear brand Yvette as an example, this sports underwear rookie focuses on new media marketing routes. Recently, a set of videos about "women's sportsmen" and posters on the theme of "better life".

Women's sports: "big" has "big" difficulties

In recent years, with the improvement of living standards and the enhancement of fitness awareness, more and more women have appeared in gyms and sports fields. However, women who are keen on sports have added a layer of troubles that men don't have: how to soothe the jittering big white rabbits on the chest while strenuous exercise has always been a problem that bothers the girls. A study by the University of Portsmouth in the UK found that for every mile (1609 meters) a woman runs, her chest swings up and down 135 meters. This means that for every mile you run, your chest spans about 1/3 of the playground. Because women's chests do not have muscles, they are mainly composed of fat, breast and connective tissue. Vigorous swings will lengthen and tighten the ligament tissue for a long time, which will damage the elastic fiber tissue in the breast and cause sagging and sagging deformation. If the girl's chest is small and she is doing less intense exercise, the situation is fine; if the girl is big-breasted and doing a strenuous exercise like running and playing, then it feels uncomfortable.

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Because of this, sports underwear specializing in protecting women's chests has been favored by more and more women in recent years. Compared with Europe and the United States, sports underwear appeared much later in China, but in recent years it has been popularized rapidly with a geometric progression. According to the statistics of the General Administration of Sport of China, the number of people who exercise regularly in China in 2016 reached more than 430 million, and it is expected to exceed 500 million by 2025. Among them, the female population will account for 40%, and the total number will exceed 200 million. According to data from Frost & Sullivan, a global corporate growth consulting firm, China's sports underwear production value was 800 million yuan in 2014, while the US sports underwear industry scale was nearly $ 300 million. Considering that China is more than 6 times the size of the US population, the market potential of Chinese sports underwear is undoubtedly huge. Yvette, who specializes in the design and production of women's sportswear, Julia Liu, the president, once told reporters that Chinese women's concept of sports underwear is still very backward. . And among those who wear sports underwear, half of them wear appropriate underwear. "Obviously, the big head of the Chinese sports underwear market is still behind. Euromonitor International, a market research company, predicts that the sportswear market will grow at a double-digit percentage each year and will surpass the luxury market by 2020, with a total of about 280.8 billion yuan. This is undoubtedly a fertile market yet to be developed.

From the age point of view, the post-90s and post-00s newcomers are the mainstream consumer group of sports underwear. Relevant data show that this group accounts for about half of the total number of consumers. At the same time, new humans are mainstream users of the Internet and social media. In this case, Yvette Fante, a sports underwear brand, made the Internet and social media the main battlefield of marketing.

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The cake is big, but the tigers serve

Although the potential and development of China's sports underwear market is still behind, the market competition is also very fierce. It is not an exaggeration to describe this situation as "the cake is big and the tigers are around". What are these tigers?

For now, the women's sports underwear market is dominated by European and American brands. Although Chinese brands have a certain share, it is difficult to compete with international giants. European and American giants can be roughly divided into two categories. One is traditional sportswear brands, such as Nike and Adidas. They were originally professional sports equipment manufacturers, and sports underwear was a production line derived later. Because of this background, most of their products have sports attributes and less underwear attributes. Most of them choose different color combinations, and the psychological study of women's underwear is not in place. The second category is the opposite. They were originally women's underwear manufacturers, such as Aimer, Wacoal, Victoria's Secret, etc. Sports underwear is a branch derived from them. Their strength lies in understanding women's breasts, but not enough grasp of sports-Wacoal's sports underwear styles are limited, simple and moderate in strength; Aimer styles are slightly more, but the strength is mainly low strength, and the audience is narrow; Mi has always followed the sexy line, sports underwear is beautifully designed, but not so practical. Therefore, when these brands make sports underwear, they always give the feeling of "halfway home".

In contrast, Yvette, which has stood out in recent years and specializes in the production of women's sports underwear, has grown up. Since entering the Chinese market in 2014, more than a million consumers have become Yvette fans in just a few years. Although this number does not seem to be large in absolute terms, the relevant data shows that its average repurchase rate is as high as 40%. The high return rate indicates that Yvette has won consumer recognition, which means excellent quality and bright prospects.

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Stand out, what does Yvette rely on?

Of course, it is impossible to get a sufficient amount of cake in the sports underwear market served by Qunhuhuan without going through some polishing. At present, the industry giants are flexing their muscles and trying their best. Last April, Victoria's Secret, the maker of women's underwear, announced that it would cut off the swimwear business and develop sports underwear with a younger and more personalized style. Amazon, the global e-commerce leader, announced that it would sell its own brand on its US website. For women's underwear, Amazon also released recruitment notices to find professionals who are familiar with the sportswear field.Therefore, Amazon is considered to be committed to the production of sports underwear. Launched the Li Na women's fitness sportswear series, intended to use the popularity of tennis superstars to grab the domestic market.

Facing the threats of the giants, Yvette, a rookie, also took care of the house. In design, considering that Asian women's bodies are different from those in Europe and the United States, Yvette conforms to the Asian market and tailors Asian women to create sports underwear that meets the needs of Asian women. Because sports underwear requires a high degree of fit, general brands have only three categories of sizes S, M and L. Many consumers report that "fashion is uncomfortable, comfortable and unfashionable, comfortable and fashionable but not fit." In view of this, Yvette launched multi-size sports underwear, one of which is up to 67 sizes. This is like the test scores. Everyone scores excellent, good, and passing grades, and Yvette gives specific scores. The workload is much larger, but the physical and psychological fit with consumers has greatly improved.

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As an emerging brand, Yvette is also willing to invest heavily in marketing, and the marketing wrist has its own characteristics. In 2017, Yvette's marketing strategy was fully blossomed through self-media operations, event sponsorship, large-scale exhibitions, running groups and sports group sponsorship. At present, the company has sponsored the Shanghai Pudong International Women's Half Marathon and the women's pink girlfriends running in the happy running circle, and has planned to enter the gym and shopping mall channels. On December 15, 2016, Yvette unveiled the first offline experience store in Nanjing Deji Plaza, enabling online shopping and offline experience to promote each other. In addition to the Chinese market, Yvette's international strategy is also being further improved. Yvette, born in Europe, is also familiar with siege abroad. In 2017, the company has established German and Finnish branches in the European market; in Asia, the brand is also preparing to enter Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore.

Source: CDC

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Aramid fiber is an important defense military material. In order to meet the needs of modern warfare, currently, the body armor of developed countries such as the United States and Britain is made of aramid. The lightweight of aramid body armor and helmets has effectively improved the rapidity of the army. Responsiveness and lethality. During the Gulf War, aramid composite materials were heavily used by American and French aircraft. In addition to military applications, it is now widely used as a high-tech fiber material in various aspects of the national economy such as aerospace, electromechanical, construction, automotive, and sporting goods. In aviation and aerospace, aramid is light in weight and high in strength, which saves a lot of power fuel. According to China Knitting Fair, during the launch of a spacecraft, each kilogram of weight lost means a reduction of one million dollars cost. In addition, the rapid development of science and technology is opening up more new civilian space for aramid. According to reports, currently, aramid products are used in bulletproof clothing, helmets, etc., accounting for about 7 to 8%, aerospace materials, sports materials, about 40%; tire frame materials, conveyor belt materials, etc., account for about 20%, There are also high-strength ropes and other aspects accounting for about 13%.

Aramid fiber main characteristics and application status

Aramid full name is aramid fiber, a new type of high-tech synthetic fiber, with super high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight and other excellent properties. Its strength is 5-6 times that of steel wire. The amount is 2 to 3 times that of steel wire or glass fiber, the toughness is 2 times that of steel wire, and the weight is only about 1/5 of that of steel wire. It does not decompose or melt at a temperature of 560 degrees. It has good insulation and aging resistance, and has a long life cycle. It is a kind of high-strength, high-modulus, low-density, and high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fiber with good abrasion resistance. It has high technical content, added value, excellent mechanical, chemical stability, and mechanical properties.

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It can be used alone for various purposes. Structural and functional materials, and can be used in combination with other materials. In addition, it has good resilience and sealing performance, and is not harmful to human health and the environment. It can be used as a seal for water, oil, hydrocarbons, and medium-strength acids and bases. Sealing performance and creep relaxation resistance. Can be used as an alternative to asbestos for friction seal materials, high-performance heat-resistant insulating paper and reinforced composite materials.

1. The main varieties of aramid

Commercial aramids are mainly meta-aramid and para-aramid. Meta-aramid is mainly DuPont's Nomex and Teijin's Conex. Para-aramid is mainly Kevlar (DuPont), Technora (Teijin), Twaron (Teijin).

2. Research and application status of aramid functional textiles

Aramid's unique physical and chemical properties make it widely used in high temperature, flame retardant, wear-resistant, high-strength functional textiles. Countries around the world are also in the ascendant of their research, new functional textiles are emerging endlessly, and the application fields are constantly expanding.

2.1 Aramid flame retardant textiles

Although aramid fibers have good heat resistance and flame retardancy, they are relatively expensive. Secondly, due to the high crystallinity and strong intermolecular binding force, it is difficult to dye. Expensive prices and difficulties in dyeing have to a certain extent inhibited its yield and variety development. Therefore, research and development of various aramid blended flame-retardant fabrics have been made to improve the dyeing effect and reduce the product price.

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(1) Aramid and wool blended flame-retardant fabric Wool is a natural fiber with certain flame-retardant properties. Aramid staple fibers are first slivered, then mixed with wool tops to form yarns, and then woven. When the proportion of aramid blend exceeds 30%, its limiting oxygen index reaches above 28, and the fabric can achieve good and durable flame retardant performance without flame retardant finishing, and can reduce costs without affecting the appearance and comfort of the fabric. The blending ratio can be adjusted according to the purpose to achieve multifunctionality.

(2) Aramid and cotton blended flame retardant fabrics Similarly, in order to reduce costs and achieve multi-functional requirements, a certain proportion of aramid and cotton fibers are blended to produce flame retardant fabrics. In the research of aramid and cotton fiber blending, the ratio of aramid and cotton blends is often 80/20, 50/50, 20/80. These three blended fabrics have continuous time, smoldering time, and damaged length before and after washing All meet GB8965-88 or higher requirements, and the limit oxygen index LOI value is also greater than 28 standards with flame retardant requirements. As the aramid content increases, the LOI value also increases. Among them, 80/20 fabric has excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy, which can meet the requirements of national flame retardant clothing without flame retardant finishing; 50/50 and 20/80 blended textiles can only reach the resistance after Proban flame retardant finishing. Ignition standards required.

(3) Aramid and flame-retardant viscose fiber blended flame-retardant fabric Flame-retardant viscose is a silicate-containing fiber poisonous fiber. Its physical and mechanical properties are similar to ordinary viscose fibers and can be processed into various textiles. Aramid and flame-retardant viscose blended fabrics have soft feel, good fluffy, drape, moisture absorption and breathability, and high strength, abrasion resistance, good cloth surface finish, color fastness, and charring when fired. Excellent properties such as drops can meet the quality requirements of high-to-medium-grade flame-retardant clothing and decorative fabrics.

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(4) Aramid and ramie blended flame retardant fabrics Aramid fibers are used as the core yarn, and ramie fibers are covered with friction spinning technology to obtain ramie / aramid cored yarns. In addition, the ramie yarn treated with alkali is combined with aramid filament, and a composite yarn is obtained without twisting. After weaving into a fabric and then through appropriate flame retardant treatment, certain flame retardant requirements can be achieved.

2.2 Aramid antistatic textiles

Ordinary textile fibers, especially chemical fibers, are prone to generate and accumulate a large amount of static electricity. In a flammable and explosive environment, electrostatic discharge sparks can often cause explosion accidents as an ignition source. At the same time, most textile fibers are combustible or flammable materials. The limiting oxygen index is generally between 17 and 25, which is far lower than the minimum self-extinguishing value of 27 in the air. Once the fabric meets the ignition source, it will quickly burn. In order to ensure the safety of workers in many areas involving fire and explosion hazards such as fire protection, petrochemicals, ordnance, mining, etc., it is necessary to replace ordinary flammable and static-prone fabrics with fabrics that have both flame-retardant and antistatic properties.

When aramid and conductive fibers are blended and interwoven to form a new type of fabric, due to the compatibility and complementarity of the fabric's flame retardancy and antistatic properties, the fabric has obtained a durable protection function of flame retardant and antistatic. Aramon, the latest aramid product developed by DuPont, uses magnetron sputtering technology to sputter metal on the surface of aramid fibers to form a thin film, which not only has antistatic effect, but also shields high-frequency radiation and signals.

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2.3 Development of aramid fiber dipped fabric

Kevlar fiber-impregnated fabric is a new type of high-grade insulation material used in large motors. Aramid fiber fabrics are impregnated with two dipping and two rolling processes. Firstly, after the fabric is dipped, a part of the rubber is rolled out, so that the glue is dipped into the fabric gap, and then rolled to dipped the glue into all the hairs inside the fiber; then the second dipped, this time mainly by coating, so that the surface of the fabric A certain amount of glue is coated, and the second rolling is to make the glue covered everywhere uniform, and then dry in an oven.

Due to its excellent performance, the use of aramid fiber as the insulation material for motors can make the heat resistance level as high as 180 ° C or higher. If mica can withstand high temperatures of 180 ° C, the weight of the motor will increase due to the large specific gravity, and the mica is brittle. The sources are not abundant. Compared with motors made of mica insulation materials with the same power, aramid fiber-based motors can save 28% copper, 15% steel, and 10% silicon steel. Compared with the fiberglass composite material made by the same method, the composite material made of aramid is 30% lighter and twice as hard.

2.4 Application of para-aramid in bulletproof clothing

Para-aramid fiber fabric has the highest anti-expansion strength, high elastic modulus and low specific density, which can absorb and disperse the energy of the bullet impact to other fibers of the knitted fabric, avoiding "blunt injuries". Therefore, the protective effect is remarkable. At the same time, the lightweight of aramid bulletproof jackets and helmets effectively improved the army's rapid response and protection capabilities.

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2.5 Aramid / carbon fiber hybrid braid reinforced concrete

Through the theoretical analysis and practical test of aramid / carbon fiber fabric reinforced concrete, it can be seen that the function of fiber reinforced concrete is very obvious, especially using these two high-performance fibers as reinforcement materials for load-bearing structures, which can replace the reinforcement of Effect, and the weight is reduced by 41.8% compared with reinforced concrete, which is conducive to improving the seismic performance of the building and the foundation treatment of the structure, thereby obtaining higher economic and bearing benefits. However, how fiber fabrics are convenient for building construction, and at the same time easy to be grasped by ordinary construction workers, more in-depth research is still needed.

2.6 Aramid Tire Textiles

Due to the excellent properties of aramid, the mechanical properties of the prepared tire cord under high temperature are basically not affected by temperature, and under the action of alternating stress, the internal consumption is low, the heat generation is small, and the life is long. Aramid can reduce the volume and quality of tire reinforcement materials, and minimize material and energy consumption, and raise some limit indicators to new heights. In addition, aramid does not have the problem of rust, and can replace all metals in the tire (including bead wire), saving rubber, so that the performance of the tire is light, the rolling resistance is reduced, fuel and dimensional stability are saved, uniformity Good, and no flat spots, the best high-speed performance, traction and braking performance, good abrasion resistance, puncture resistance, and easy handling of waste tires.

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2.7 Aramid weft-free functional textiles

It is also used for bulletproof, puncture-free cloth and plain weave have better elasticity resistance. Because in the manufacturing process of the weft-free cloth, the aramid fiber material has been fully unfolded, fixed by the adhesive, and there is no mutual staggering point between the fibers. When it is affected by the impact of the projectile, it is conducive to the dispersion of energy. With more fibers involved, energy can be absorbed over a larger area, so its elasticity is better.

Both the aramid non-weft areal density and the matrix resin mass fraction are important factors affecting the elastic properties of its laminates. When the weft-free cloth has a smaller areal density and a lower base resin mass fraction, the elasticity resistance of the laminate is also better.

2.8 Aramid / carbon fiber non-woven fabric

The aramid / carbon fiber non-woven fabric was prepared by the puncture method, and its oxygen barrier index LOI was 38 ~ 42, and the fireproof temperature reached 700 ° C. Mainly used in fire insulation lining, high-temperature dust filtering, decorative lining, covering cloth with fire and splash.

2.9 Aramid / Armored Steel Composite Board

Aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composites have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good elasticity resistance, and excellent flameproof effect. Adding aramid fiber composite material plate to armored steel can improve its anti-knock performance, and the structure of the material will affect the shock wave attenuation effect of the material. When materials are arranged in order of decreasing wave impedance, shock waves can be more effectively attenuated. A material with a multilayer structure has a better attenuation effect than a material with a double-layer structure, and a protective material with excellent anti-knock performance can be obtained.

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Aramid fiber development direction

According to the characteristics of aramid special fabrics, the following products can be developed:

1.Bulletproof camouflage clothing, stab-resistant vest, bulletproof and impact resistant helmet, tank suit, bulletproof shield, racing suit, etc .

2. Anti-cutting clothing, explosion-proof clothing, anti-stabbing clothing, anti-cutting packages, etc .

3. Headgear, gloves, socks, etc.

4. Labor protection products for children and the elderly.

5.Pajamas.

6. Aramid nonwoven.

7. Public safety equipment, transportation safety packaging, and protective devices for vehicles and aircraft.

Source: Global Textile Network

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The cold wave is coming, but the consumer market is full of warmth. In order to be beautiful and not to be "frozen", the "heating underwear" made of thin fabrics and shaped to keep warm has become a popular item in the cold winter, and has even been regarded as a "winter artifact" by netizens. "Thin as thin as cicada wings, warm and deep-fried underwear, let you be beautiful in the winter", many thermal underwear businesses have declared so, but are consumers buying thermal underwear really thin and warm?

Beauty needs upgrade

"If you buy an underwear in the winter, what do you want from it?" The answer is probably different for the 60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s. Price, warmth, comfort, good-looking, shape, brand ... Thermal underwear consumption demand is changing.

I don't like the three layers inside and three layers to be bloated. Many consumers have chosen thin and warm underwear. Ms. Zhou, a post-70s consumer from Beijing, bought a set of Uniqlo HEATTECH thin thermal underwear online this year, and Ms. Wang from the 80s took part in a purchase of a HEATTECH and a HEATTECH thin section offline at the Beijing Ginza Harmony Plaza Uniqlo store. Post-90s consumer Ms. Li chose tutuanna heating underwear.

From thermal underwear brands such as red beans and Hengyuanxiang familiar to older generations of consumers, to thermal underwear such as Uniqlo and tutuanna among young people, consumers have increased their pursuit of physical comfort and fabrics based on pure thermal requirements Thin and light and diverse needs.

"Word of mouth triggers mass communication, and the brand generates self-flow." The reason why hot underwear is sold first is that the core benefits provided to consumers meet the most basic needs of consumers-warmth, and secondly, thin and warm fabrics The design and brand factors meet consumers' various needs for comfort, breathability, and aesthetics.

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Different consumer feedback

Indeed, whether in the south or the north, whether it is Amy or business men, wearing warm and light and breathable in winter is the basic demand of consumers. Due to its characteristics such as lightness, warmth, shaping, and good experience, heating underwear meets the diverse and complex needs of consumers in pursuit of the beauty of human body lines.

Some consumers said that airtightness, pilling, shrinkage, static electricity, and fading are the pain points of traditional thermal underwear. When the emerging consumer groups in the Internet era are rising, products that can meet the consumer experience and are extremely cost-effective are catering to the upgrade of consumer demand.

But what are the true experiences of consumers claiming thin and warm thermal underwear? Underwear Show understands that from offline consumer feedback to online Internet user reviews, there are mixed reviews of thermal underwear, and its heating effect is also controversial.

One man said that he bought the Uniqlo HEATTECH thin section that was particularly comfortable to wear, but it was too thin and felt like the thick stockings of a girl. The above-mentioned Ms. Wang also felt that the thin section of HEATTECH was too thin, and she bought HEATTECH times more comfortably. She felt that the thick heating underwear was more effective in keeping warmth and comfortable to wear. In the evaluation of an Antarctic self-heating thermal underwear set in the official flagship store of Tmall Antarctic, a netizen once commented: "I received it as thin, but it was really close to me and very warm. It has the effect of keeping warm. "But another netizen commented:" I wore it today. In Sichuan, which is more than ten degrees Celsius, I almost didn't freeze me. The fabric was comfortable to touch and relatively soft, but I didn't feel it. Fever, similar to ordinary Qiuyi. "

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Deciphering the fever principle

According to reports, currently commercially available thermal underwear is also different from previous far-infrared functional underwear, generally moisture-absorbing thermal underwear. According to the "Standard for Moisture-absorbing and Heat-Knitting Underwear Industry" (FZ / T73036-2010) issued by the National Textile Standardization Technical Committee Knitting Branch, the definition of moisture-absorbing and heat-knitting underwear is "knitted from moisture-absorbing and heat-generating materials and meets this standard's warming value warranty Required knitted underwear ".

According to Wang Zhi, director of the China Knitting Technical Committee, heating underwear originated in Japan at the earliest. The fabrics are mainly composed of daily chemical fibers. These fibers have a better moisture absorption effect. Most of the more common heating underwear on the market use moisture to generate heat . "In fact, most fibers have this effect, but to different degrees. From the perspective of heating effects, natural materials such as wool and viscose generally have a larger amount of moisture absorption, and their calorific value is greater than ordinary fibers."

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So what kind of materials are popular in the market for hot underwear? Underwear Show found that some commercial fabrics are declared as "Derong brushed fabric", "heating fiber", "Toray hot velvet", etc. The fabric material composition includes Polyester fiber (polyester), viscose fiber, cotton, acrylic fiber, modal fiber, etc. It is understood that Uniqlo's functional heating fabric comes from Japanese textile giant Toray Co., Ltd.

According to experts, hygroscopic underwear is not a "high-tech". Generally speaking, the hygroscopic performance of fibers has a great relationship with the moisture regain of fibers. The greater the moisture regain of the fiber, the better the moisture absorption and heating performance. The viscous fiber, modal fiber, cotton and other materials have a higher moisture regain and the moisture absorption and heating performance are also better. Composed of several kinds of fibers. At the same time, the moisture absorption and heating performance of heating underwear is also related to the thickness of the fabric and the weight per unit area. Generally, under the same fiber composition, the thicker the fabric, the better the moisture absorption and heating performance.

The relevant person in charge of the National Textile Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center said that the hydrophilic genes in the fiber and the water molecules in the air will emit some heat during the bonding process. After the various fibers absorb moisture, they will emit a certain amount of heat, but this heat Issued should be limited.

Looking forward to the launch of the national standard

According to industry sources, commercially available thermal underwear is a patented technology in the industry, and some product companies even set up research institutes to specialize in research and development. However, there are many products on the market under the name of "heating underwear". Many products actually do not use heat-generating materials such as heat-generating fibers, and basically do not have heat-generating functions.

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According to the Shanghai Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau's quality evaluation of 20 batches of knitted underwear products with hygroscopic heating function in 2018, the safety indicators of all samples, including pH value, formaldehyde content, and decomposable carcinogenic aromatic amine dyes all meet GB18401-2010 "National Textile Product Basic Safety Technical Specification" requirements, but 13 batches of samples do not meet the requirements of FZ / T73036-2010 hygroscopic heating temperature value (maximum heating value of 4.0 ℃, average temperature within 30min) The value is 3.0 ° C), and the dissatisfaction rate reaches 65%.

In the FZ / T73036-2010 standard, hygroscopic underwear should be made of hygroscopic heat-generating materials, and it can meet two temperature value indicators: one is the highest temperature value not less than 4 ° C, and the other is the average temperature rise within 30 minutes. The value is not lower than 3 ° C. The average heating value within 30 minutes is the basis for comprehensive evaluation of moisture absorption and heating performance of clothing. The larger the value, the better the product's moisture absorption and heating performance. The above evaluation found that the reasons for products that claimed to have moisture absorption and heating functions that did not meet the standard requirements were all that the average heating value did not meet the standard within 30 minutes. Experts said that consumers can refer to the purchase based on the test results, and do not have to expect too much for "thin warmth".

It is worth noting that currently there are corresponding national standards in terms of safety indicators for thermal underwear, but there are only industry standards in terms of technical indicators, which are not mandatory. Facing the uneven underwear market, an important reason why consumers are happy to buy is that the fashion elements in their clothing products have abandoned the old and outdated monotony. In the future, consumer demand will continue to escalate, and technology research and development will never stop. The consumer market urgently needs relevant supporting standards to keep pace with consumer upgrading.

Source of this article: China Consumer News

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