What fabric is good for socks? Introduction to stockings fabric knowledge, walk into the store that sells socks, and a wide variety of socks will also dazzle you. In order to ensure their own market, socks manufacturers are also introducing new fabrics. Customers will also choose socks according to their preferences. But some customers are also numb and don't know enough about the fabric. The socks exhibition provides you with some fabric knowledge:
Sock fabric:
1. pure cotton fabric
Pure cotton fabrics burn faster when they come into contact with flames, and they will turn to ashes instantly. After leaving the flame, the remaining part will continue to burn, the ash left is grayish white, twist it with your hands to make it delicate and loose, and smell the burning paper smell in the air.
2. Wool fabric
The wool fabric touches the flame and burns slowly. The burnt ash is black and twisted lightly by hand. It feels crispy. Due to the protein content of wool, there is a greater odor in the air after ignition.
3. Velvet fabric
Velvet fabric Sock fabric is relatively advanced, but the socks manufacturers consider that the grades of consumers are different, and the content of velvet in each type of socks is also different. You have to know that when you use both hands to pinch the ends of the socks, the better the elasticity, the higher the velvet content. Velvet socks look smoother. They feel soft, comfortable, and especially close to the body, and they last longer.
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What fabric is good for socks
Stockings fabric
1. Nylon stockings: With its high strength, good abrasion resistance, and good elasticity, it has been beautiful for half a century.
2. Core-spun yarn: It is the more popular stocking raw material on the market. It refers to the spandex-cored yarn formed by covering or winding with spandex yarn. Features, also has the advantage of high elasticity of spandex.
3. Velvet stockings: All raw materials are made of unidirectional core-spun yarn or bidirectional core-spun yarn. Knitted socks have high elasticity, soft feel, fine transparency and better than nylon stockings. Keep warm.
4. Ultra-thin velvet socks: Weaving with high-tech ultra-fine fiber full-elastic silk that is softer than hair, with dense and delicate texture, smooth and silky touch, crystal transparency, and good breathability.
5. Combed cotton: The combing machine is used to comb the fibers during the processing of cotton fibers, and the various impurities of the fibers are almost completely removed. Fabrics made with this cotton will feel better.
6. Mercerized cotton: refers to the mercerizing process of raw cotton fibers under a certain tension in a concentrated alkali solution. The mercerized cotton fibers are more lustrous than the raw cotton fibers on the premise that the performance of other physical indicators does not change. Better degree, more comfortable feel, relatively easy to wrinkle.
Thickness points
Dan (D): refers to the fineness unit of sock fiber.
Every 9000 meters of fiber weighs as many dan (D).
At present, velvet socks are divided into 6D "thin to the end", 10D ultra-thin, 15D ultra-thin, 50D, 80D, 120D, 150D, 300D to 2000D.
Generally, ultra-thin ones can be used in summer, 50D, 80D, 120D, and 150D can be used in spring and autumn, and extra-thick and warm velvet socks can be used in winter. The thickness of 1600D is basically the same as that of ordinary cotton wool pants.
The core wire is thin.
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Purchase and maintenance of stockings:
The selection of silk socks should pay attention to whether there is drawing, whether it is skewed, and whether there are missing needles. Also, choose the right size. In the choice of color of socks, people with thin legs should choose lighter socks; conversely, people with thicker legs should choose darker socks. When wearing socks, be careful to wear them slowly. Do not pull hard. Toenails must be cut frequently. Chemical fiber socks have poor hygroscopicity and should be washed frequently. Socks should be rubbed gently when washing. Do not use hot water for scalding. Exposure to air and dry.
Wearing socks should also be selected according to climate change and different clothing colors. Dark socks should be worn in cold weather and flesh-colored socks in warm weather. Generally, high skirts should be worn when wearing skirts, and medium socks should not be worn, otherwise the calf will feel short and thick. Tights can be worn in the cold, which can keep warm and abdomen, making the figure more beautiful.
What's the difference between pantyhose's added crotch, free crotch, open file, four-sided cutout.
There are 3 types of upshift, front upshift, rear upshift, and front and rear upshift. The prices are also more expensive than normal. The biggest benefit after adding crotch is that it is suitable for people with enlarged hips. Not only is it not easy to wear the crotch of pantyhose, but it is also more loose and not stuffy. Without a crotch, the crotch will wear easily after wearing it a few times, and the panty will slip easily.
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The free crotch and open crotch are actually a concept. It is convenient for ladies to go to the toilet. Wear pantyhose first and then the inner storeroom. The crotch is designed to be free of crotch / open crotch to avoid taking off socks. This design is especially suitable for summer. In summer, the working environment of many women requires wearing skirts and stockings, while pantyhose will wrap the inner library, which is easy to sweat and breed bacteria, and is not breathable. Three / four-sided cutouts are more breathable and cooler. The common point is that they are more sexy!
Source: Global Textile Network
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Aramid fiber is an important defense military material. In order to meet the needs of modern warfare, currently, the body armor of developed countries such as the United States and Britain is made of aramid. The lightweight of aramid body armor and helmets has effectively improved the rapidity of the army. Responsiveness and lethality. During the Gulf War, aramid composite materials were heavily used by American and French aircraft. In addition to military applications, it is now widely used as a high-tech fiber material in various aspects of the national economy such as aerospace, electromechanical, construction, automotive, and sporting goods. In aviation and aerospace, aramid is light in weight and high in strength, which saves a lot of power fuel. According to China Knitting Fair, during the launch of a spacecraft, each kilogram of weight lost means a reduction of one million dollars cost. In addition, the rapid development of science and technology is opening up more new civilian space for aramid. According to reports, currently, aramid products are used in bulletproof clothing, helmets, etc., accounting for about 7 to 8%, aerospace materials, sports materials, about 40%; tire frame materials, conveyor belt materials, etc., account for about 20%, There are also high-strength ropes and other aspects accounting for about 13%.
Aramid fiber main characteristics and application status
Aramid full name is aramid fiber, a new type of high-tech synthetic fiber, with super high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight and other excellent properties. Its strength is 5-6 times that of steel wire. The amount is 2 to 3 times that of steel wire or glass fiber, the toughness is 2 times that of steel wire, and the weight is only about 1/5 of that of steel wire. It does not decompose or melt at a temperature of 560 degrees. It has good insulation and aging resistance, and has a long life cycle. It is a kind of high-strength, high-modulus, low-density, and high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fiber with good abrasion resistance. It has high technical content, added value, excellent mechanical, chemical stability, and mechanical properties.
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It can be used alone for various purposes. Structural and functional materials, and can be used in combination with other materials. In addition, it has good resilience and sealing performance, and is not harmful to human health and the environment. It can be used as a seal for water, oil, hydrocarbons, and medium-strength acids and bases. Sealing performance and creep relaxation resistance. Can be used as an alternative to asbestos for friction seal materials, high-performance heat-resistant insulating paper and reinforced composite materials.
1. The main varieties of aramid
Commercial aramids are mainly meta-aramid and para-aramid. Meta-aramid is mainly DuPont's Nomex and Teijin's Conex. Para-aramid is mainly Kevlar (DuPont), Technora (Teijin), Twaron (Teijin).
2. Research and application status of aramid functional textiles
Aramid's unique physical and chemical properties make it widely used in high temperature, flame retardant, wear-resistant, high-strength functional textiles. Countries around the world are also in the ascendant of their research, new functional textiles are emerging endlessly, and the application fields are constantly expanding.
2.1 Aramid flame retardant textiles
Although aramid fibers have good heat resistance and flame retardancy, they are relatively expensive. Secondly, due to the high crystallinity and strong intermolecular binding force, it is difficult to dye. Expensive prices and difficulties in dyeing have to a certain extent inhibited its yield and variety development. Therefore, research and development of various aramid blended flame-retardant fabrics have been made to improve the dyeing effect and reduce the product price.
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(1) Aramid and wool blended flame-retardant fabric Wool is a natural fiber with certain flame-retardant properties. Aramid staple fibers are first slivered, then mixed with wool tops to form yarns, and then woven. When the proportion of aramid blend exceeds 30%, its limiting oxygen index reaches above 28, and the fabric can achieve good and durable flame retardant performance without flame retardant finishing, and can reduce costs without affecting the appearance and comfort of the fabric. The blending ratio can be adjusted according to the purpose to achieve multifunctionality.
(2) Aramid and cotton blended flame retardant fabrics Similarly, in order to reduce costs and achieve multi-functional requirements, a certain proportion of aramid and cotton fibers are blended to produce flame retardant fabrics. In the research of aramid and cotton fiber blending, the ratio of aramid and cotton blends is often 80/20, 50/50, 20/80. These three blended fabrics have continuous time, smoldering time, and damaged length before and after washing All meet GB8965-88 or higher requirements, and the limit oxygen index LOI value is also greater than 28 standards with flame retardant requirements. As the aramid content increases, the LOI value also increases. Among them, 80/20 fabric has excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy, which can meet the requirements of national flame retardant clothing without flame retardant finishing; 50/50 and 20/80 blended textiles can only reach the resistance after Proban flame retardant finishing. Ignition standards required.
(3) Aramid and flame-retardant viscose fiber blended flame-retardant fabric Flame-retardant viscose is a silicate-containing fiber poisonous fiber. Its physical and mechanical properties are similar to ordinary viscose fibers and can be processed into various textiles. Aramid and flame-retardant viscose blended fabrics have soft feel, good fluffy, drape, moisture absorption and breathability, and high strength, abrasion resistance, good cloth surface finish, color fastness, and charring when fired. Excellent properties such as drops can meet the quality requirements of high-to-medium-grade flame-retardant clothing and decorative fabrics.
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(4) Aramid and ramie blended flame retardant fabrics Aramid fibers are used as the core yarn, and ramie fibers are covered with friction spinning technology to obtain ramie / aramid cored yarns. In addition, the ramie yarn treated with alkali is combined with aramid filament, and a composite yarn is obtained without twisting. After weaving into a fabric and then through appropriate flame retardant treatment, certain flame retardant requirements can be achieved.
2.2 Aramid antistatic textiles
Ordinary textile fibers, especially chemical fibers, are prone to generate and accumulate a large amount of static electricity. In a flammable and explosive environment, electrostatic discharge sparks can often cause explosion accidents as an ignition source. At the same time, most textile fibers are combustible or flammable materials. The limiting oxygen index is generally between 17 and 25, which is far lower than the minimum self-extinguishing value of 27 in the air. Once the fabric meets the ignition source, it will quickly burn. In order to ensure the safety of workers in many areas involving fire and explosion hazards such as fire protection, petrochemicals, ordnance, mining, etc., it is necessary to replace ordinary flammable and static-prone fabrics with fabrics that have both flame-retardant and antistatic properties.
When aramid and conductive fibers are blended and interwoven to form a new type of fabric, due to the compatibility and complementarity of the fabric's flame retardancy and antistatic properties, the fabric has obtained a durable protection function of flame retardant and antistatic. Aramon, the latest aramid product developed by DuPont, uses magnetron sputtering technology to sputter metal on the surface of aramid fibers to form a thin film, which not only has antistatic effect, but also shields high-frequency radiation and signals.
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2.3 Development of aramid fiber dipped fabric
Kevlar fiber-impregnated fabric is a new type of high-grade insulation material used in large motors. Aramid fiber fabrics are impregnated with two dipping and two rolling processes. Firstly, after the fabric is dipped, a part of the rubber is rolled out, so that the glue is dipped into the fabric gap, and then rolled to dipped the glue into all the hairs inside the fiber; then the second dipped, this time mainly by coating, so that the surface of the fabric A certain amount of glue is coated, and the second rolling is to make the glue covered everywhere uniform, and then dry in an oven.
Due to its excellent performance, the use of aramid fiber as the insulation material for motors can make the heat resistance level as high as 180 ° C or higher. If mica can withstand high temperatures of 180 ° C, the weight of the motor will increase due to the large specific gravity, and the mica is brittle. The sources are not abundant. Compared with motors made of mica insulation materials with the same power, aramid fiber-based motors can save 28% copper, 15% steel, and 10% silicon steel. Compared with the fiberglass composite material made by the same method, the composite material made of aramid is 30% lighter and twice as hard.
2.4 Application of para-aramid in bulletproof clothing
Para-aramid fiber fabric has the highest anti-expansion strength, high elastic modulus and low specific density, which can absorb and disperse the energy of the bullet impact to other fibers of the knitted fabric, avoiding "blunt injuries". Therefore, the protective effect is remarkable. At the same time, the lightweight of aramid bulletproof jackets and helmets effectively improved the army's rapid response and protection capabilities.
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2.5 Aramid / carbon fiber hybrid braid reinforced concrete
Through the theoretical analysis and practical test of aramid / carbon fiber fabric reinforced concrete, it can be seen that the function of fiber reinforced concrete is very obvious, especially using these two high-performance fibers as reinforcement materials for load-bearing structures, which can replace the reinforcement of Effect, and the weight is reduced by 41.8% compared with reinforced concrete, which is conducive to improving the seismic performance of the building and the foundation treatment of the structure, thereby obtaining higher economic and bearing benefits. However, how fiber fabrics are convenient for building construction, and at the same time easy to be grasped by ordinary construction workers, more in-depth research is still needed.
2.6 Aramid Tire Textiles
Due to the excellent properties of aramid, the mechanical properties of the prepared tire cord under high temperature are basically not affected by temperature, and under the action of alternating stress, the internal consumption is low, the heat generation is small, and the life is long. Aramid can reduce the volume and quality of tire reinforcement materials, and minimize material and energy consumption, and raise some limit indicators to new heights. In addition, aramid does not have the problem of rust, and can replace all metals in the tire (including bead wire), saving rubber, so that the performance of the tire is light, the rolling resistance is reduced, fuel and dimensional stability are saved, uniformity Good, and no flat spots, the best high-speed performance, traction and braking performance, good abrasion resistance, puncture resistance, and easy handling of waste tires.
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2.7 Aramid weft-free functional textiles
It is also used for bulletproof, puncture-free cloth and plain weave have better elasticity resistance. Because in the manufacturing process of the weft-free cloth, the aramid fiber material has been fully unfolded, fixed by the adhesive, and there is no mutual staggering point between the fibers. When it is affected by the impact of the projectile, it is conducive to the dispersion of energy. With more fibers involved, energy can be absorbed over a larger area, so its elasticity is better.
Both the aramid non-weft areal density and the matrix resin mass fraction are important factors affecting the elastic properties of its laminates. When the weft-free cloth has a smaller areal density and a lower base resin mass fraction, the elasticity resistance of the laminate is also better.
2.8 Aramid / carbon fiber non-woven fabric
The aramid / carbon fiber non-woven fabric was prepared by the puncture method, and its oxygen barrier index LOI was 38 ~ 42, and the fireproof temperature reached 700 ° C. Mainly used in fire insulation lining, high-temperature dust filtering, decorative lining, covering cloth with fire and splash.
2.9 Aramid / Armored Steel Composite Board
Aramid fiber-reinforced resin-based composites have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good elasticity resistance, and excellent flameproof effect. Adding aramid fiber composite material plate to armored steel can improve its anti-knock performance, and the structure of the material will affect the shock wave attenuation effect of the material. When materials are arranged in order of decreasing wave impedance, shock waves can be more effectively attenuated. A material with a multilayer structure has a better attenuation effect than a material with a double-layer structure, and a protective material with excellent anti-knock performance can be obtained.
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Aramid fiber development direction
According to the characteristics of aramid special fabrics, the following products can be developed:
1.Bulletproof camouflage clothing, stab-resistant vest, bulletproof and impact resistant helmet, tank suit, bulletproof shield, racing suit, etc .
2. Anti-cutting clothing, explosion-proof clothing, anti-stabbing clothing, anti-cutting packages, etc .
3. Headgear, gloves, socks, etc.
4. Labor protection products for children and the elderly.
5.Pajamas.
6. Aramid nonwoven.
7. Public safety equipment, transportation safety packaging, and protective devices for vehicles and aircraft.
Source: Global Textile Network
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