Several common ways of yarn spinning

The development of ancient and modern textile technological processes is designed according to textile raw materials. Therefore, raw materials have an important position in textile technology. The fibers used for textiles in various countries in the ancient world were natural fibers, generally three types of staple fibers: wool, hemp, and cotton. For example, the wool used in the Mediterranean region was only wool and linen; cotton used to be used in the Indian Peninsula. Of course, the modern and ancient textile methods have been greatly different. Today's The Yarn exhibition will introduce you.

Vortex spinning

The vortex-spun yarn has similar properties to ordinary ring-spun yarns, but the withdrawal speed is 20 times higher than that of ordinary ring-spun yarns, and 3 times that of rotor-spun yarns. The quality of the vortex yarn is not as good as that of the ordinary ring yarn, but when the output is increased at a higher speed, the quality of the vortex yarn is similar to that of the ordinary ring yarn.

The MVS vortex spinning machine uses two rotating nozzles to generate spiral gas, which is used to push the fed sliver around the fixed spindle to generate twist and form yarn. One end of the loose fiber is twisted around the overlapped fiber to form a true twist. The vortex yarn is similar to the ordinary ring-spun yarn. The yarn is divided into two parts, that is, the inner core and the outer layer of the yarn. The outer layer is the wrapped fiber.

The vortex spinning system is fully automatic, eliminating all rotating machinery to twist the originals. This is the biggest advantage of the vortex spinning machine. It can reduce the maintenance costs of many machines. It directly feeds the sliver produced by the draw frame and eliminates the roving process. However, there is a major problem with vortex spinning, which is the waste of raw materials during the spinning process. The fiber loss is about 5%. Although the lost fiber is mostly short fibers, it does not affect the quality of the yarn.

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Vortex spinning and rotor spinning have formed a competitive situation in the market, especially for carded yarn in the production of cotton spinning systems. The output of vortex spinning is very high, which is suitable for the production of fine yarns, and the production cost can be halved. It can be used in the combed wool spinning industry in the future.

Solo spinning

Unlike Siro spinning, solospun can be directly used for weaving without sizing. Solo spinning is another improvement of ring spinning technology. In addition to solo spinning technology, there are many The grooves are installed on the spinning frame, and the fiber bundles are output from the front to several fine wire grooves. The fiber ropes passing through these grooves are merged into one yarn, and the synthetic yarn is merged by a plurality of single yarns. Compared with Siro spinning, Siro spinning is only two grooves. The advantages of solo spinning are high yarn strength, good friction resistance and less hairiness.

Solo spinning can also be used on warp knitting machines instead of double-stranded yarns. The solo spinning mechanism is relatively simple, and it is easy to install and remove. One installer installs 1,000 solo spinning devices in three hours. The machine has many functions and strong adaptability. The solo spinning mechanism can be removed. The machine continues to run within one minute. The production cost of solo spinning is also low. The roller can be replaced every 6 months. Only the roller needs to be replaced in the whole machine. Any tool.

Soro spinning has great economic advantages in wool spinning, such as a wide range of wool fiber processing; high output and spinning efficiency; eliminating the twisting system and performing joint processing; increasing the winding output and efficiency; can be used as much as possible Thick wool fiber; Compared with double-strand production, the output time is short.

Solo spinning can produce fine count yarns for weaving light-weight fabrics. Solo spinning can be used to produce higher quality wool garments and a wider range of wool products.

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Compact spinning

The technology of compact spinning ring spinning machines at home and abroad is basically divided into two categories: one is the Swiss Rieter com4 model, which uses a perforated cage instead of the front roller to achieve the cohesion of the fiber; The other is Suessen's use of special-shaped negative pressure suction ducts and perforated rolls to form a cohesive effect on the fibers. It's Suessen-style. The two kinds of cohesive compact spinning have the same principle, but different forms, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In the combed wool spinning industry, the compact ring spinning machine can process and produce wool combed compact yarns and blended yarns with chemical fibers. The output is increased by 10-30% compared with ordinary combed wool spinning ring yarns.

Compact ring spinning has better yarn properties and structure, less yarn hairiness, high fiber interest rate, high yarn strength, yarn surface gloss, smoothness, uniform evenness, and twist adjustment to increase yield and improve yarn Softness, compact spinning yarns and fabric appearance are greatly improved. When weaving on compact air-jet loom with compact ring-spun yarn, the weft insertion speed is increased, and the stoppage rate is reduced by 50%. The fabric is woven from compact ring-spun yarn, with a clear and shiny appearance. %, More importantly, the harmful hairiness of 3 mm and above is eliminated, and the scorching can be eliminated. The tight spinning ring combed wool spinning has a 50% reduction in breakage than the ordinary ring spun yarn. Reduced by 20%, the average end break rate is between 4-60%, and the elongation of compact spinning ring combed wool yarn is 20% better than that of ordinary ring yarn. Due to the good structure of compact-spun yarns, the number of fibers in the cross section of the yarn is reduced by 10%. Therefore, coarse wool and low-priced wool fibers can be used to produce fine wool yarns. The raw material cost per kilogram of combed wool yarn is reduced by RMB 6-9.

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Although compact spinning ring-combed wool yarn has many advantages, it also has some problems that need to be further solved. For example, the compact ring spinning machine is too expensive, and the investment cost per spindle is increased by about 50%. Even if Suessen is refitting in China's FA506, FA507 and wool ring spinning machines, the conversion cost of each spindle must reach RMB1500 or above; large maintenance of negative pressure suction hole system; the negative pressure suction hole of Rieter com4 negative pressure suction cage or Suessen aprons is easily blocked; the service life of ring and traveller is longer than ordinary ring spinning The steel ring traveler is short; the spinning joint problem of the compact ring spinning machine also needs to be improved to improve the appearance of the cloth surface.

Semi-worsted

Semi-worsted spinning is an innovative technology between worsted and carded spinning. Semi-worsted knitwear has the advantages of softness and fullness of carded spinning products, a wide range of materials, and yarns of worsted products. High support, flat fabric, delicate taste grade. The emergence of this technology has broken the boundaries of the use of traditional combed wool, carded wool, and even cotton spinning raw materials and equipment, greatly expanding the development space for woolen products. Its market space is vast and its economic benefits are very obvious. However, the technical difficulties in production still need to be explored and continuously broken.

Source: Global Textile Network

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Recently, according to the China Knitting Show, China Textile City's winter and spring women's clothing fabrics have been partially listed on the market, and fashion-type knitted fabrics have been placed more and more daily. Recently, the number of spot transactions has increased, and the number of orders has also been relatively large.

Knitted Tencel rib draw frame is woven with 48% Tencel, 47% environmentally-friendly polyester filament, and 5% spandex as the main raw materials. The width of the fabric is 170CM and the weight is 200g / m2. The knitted modal cool cotton draw frame is woven with 47% modal, 47% cotton combed yarn, and 6% spandex as the main raw materials. The door width is 175CM and the weight content is 180g / m2. The knitted two-color cotton modal puller is woven with 47.5% modal, 47.5% pure cotton combed yarn, and 5% spandex as the main raw materials. The width of the door is 175CM and the weight is 300g / m2. Knitted double yarn bead is woven with 100% cotton combed yarn as the main raw material. The width of the door is 172CM and the weight content is 220g / m2. Knitted high-quality RC siro cotton draw frame is woven with 47% siro weaving cotton yarn, 47% pure cotton yarn, and 6% spandex yarn as the main raw materials, with a width of 170CM and a weight content of 170g / m2. Mass sales, the price is relatively firm. Knitted modal soft cotton draw frame is woven with 48% modal, 47% cotton yarn and 5% spandex as the main raw materials. The width of the door is 180CM and the weight content is 230g / m2.

In the recent market, the sales of fashion knitted fabrics increased, and the number of winter and spring fashion knitted fabrics sold was relatively large. Some large-scale business stores have spot transactions and customers are taking shape.

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Many market operators are increasing their efforts to organize supply listings. Among them: some polyester filament modified silk women's new fabrics, such as fleece jacquard new, velvet jacquard or jacquard printed varieties, ice silk type single-sided double-jacquard varieties, modified silk and ice silk mixed single Double-sided knitting jacquard varieties, with different raw materials and different weaving styles, re-attract different customers in the north and south; some of the knitting-knitting jacquard varieties, flat needles and jacquard and water-melted varieties have begun to be negotiated by foreign trade companies.

In recent days, the number of varieties of knitted underwear cotton knitted fabrics listed on the market has increased, with cotton carded yarn 32S holding 40D spandex and cotton carded yarn 40S holding 70D spandex dyed knitted Lycra stretch varieties, cotton semi-combed yarn 32S Hold 40D spandex and 40S spandex 70D spandex knitted dyed Lycra stretch variety, cotton combed yarn 32S spandex 40D and 40S spandex 70D spandex knitted dyed Lycra stretch variety, some cloth companies and large-scale operation stores have increased test sales varieties, and partial test orders There is still an increase.

The cotton double-knitted stretch double-sided bead is woven with 92% cotton combed yarn and 8% spandex as the main raw materials. The width of the fabric is 175CM and the weight of the fabric is 370g / m2. Nylon cotton knitted stretch double-sided bead is woven with 60% cotton combed yarn, 32% nylon yarn, 8% spandex yarn as the main raw material. The width of the fabric is 175CM and the weight content is 370g / m2. Orders in batches. 32S pure polyester yarn knitted polyester pearl floor with 180CM width and 190g / m2 fabrics such as silver gray, hemp gray, light gray and other color fabrics will be delivered in small batches. 32S cotton knitting plain weave stretch frame 180CM, the weight is 140g / m2. Fabrics such as rose red, bleached, natural white, off-white, beige, aubergine, bright yellow, bright green, baolan, etc. Small batches are sold at relatively firm prices. Nylon knitted Roman fabric with a width of 165CM and a special black color of 420g / m2 is shipped in small and medium quantities.

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Pure cotton yarn 32S and pure cotton yarn 40S knitted and dyed varieties. Recently, the local market has increased the number of styles on the market. Small batches of multiple varieties of color and spot are available for trial sales, and some are partially knitted with cotton semi-combed yarn 32S and cotton combed yarn 32S. Pearl flooring, knitted dyed hexagonal pearl flooring, some front-end and back-end fabric companies and major industrial and trade integration business operators have already received bulk orders from counterpart clothing manufacturers in advance. Pure cotton yarn 32S and pure cotton yarn 40S knitted yarn-dyed fabrics, local small batches of multiple varieties of spot products have begun to be launched, and local departments and cities have received batch sample orders, and some newly listed knitted yarn-dyed fabrics have been deducted in advance in various styles. Local counterpart clothing manufacturers place orders.

Source: Global Textile Network

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Everyone knows that cotton is a highly demanded raw material for knitted fabrics. Today, China ’s Knitting show introduces a new technology for cotton growing! Recently, the cotton team of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Huazhong Agricultural University has received good news. The team has made a series of breakthroughs in the research of cotton gene editing systems. By implementing precise targeting, their new system can successfully eliminate the "spite" in cotton genes. "To escort high-quality cotton production.

The most frequently grown bugs on cotton plants are aphids and bollworms. These bugs will bite off the young leaves and stems of the plant. They will also inhibit flowering, accelerate leaf shedding, let the leaves roll, and the amount of cotton produced will Affected, they keep cotton from developing in the normal way and prolong flowering time. When pests appear, spray with a suitable insecticide.

4 sets of cotton gene editing systems go global

"In the field of cotton gene editing, we are in an international leading position." The team professor Jin Shuangxia said that the team has developed 4 sets of cotton gene editing systems, which are widely used worldwide.

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As early as 2013, the team tried to introduce rice and Arabidopsis CRISPR editing systems into cotton without success. After continuous trials, the team changed the regulatory elements to cotton's own elements based on the biological characteristics of cotton. The first cotton gene editing system was created in 2017 with an editing efficiency of 85%.

Scientific research continued, and the second, third, and fourth sets of cotton gene editing systems were successively successful. The off-target effect test proves that the gene editing system created by the team has high accuracy and extremely low off-target rate. "Precision shooting is the key to the success of gene editing," said Jin Shuangxia.

The internationally renowned academic journal "Plant Science Trends" also invited Jin Shuangxia's team to write a summary of the research results and publish it online. Recently, the team established the first efficient CPF1 and single base editing system in cotton for the first time to further enrich the cotton gene editing tool library.

Insect pest-inducing genes in loquat crops

Gene editing technology targets specific genes in the organism, or prevents them from producing undesirable characteristics, or modifies them to change in a positive direction.

"Compared with or even beyond cloning technology." Jin Shuangxia said that gene editing technology can carry out targeted transformation of DNA sequences at the genome level. Compared with previous physical and chemical mutagenesis, it is more accurate and convenient. "Which fight" is of great significance to many basic researches in human medical treatment, genetic disease treatment and improvement of agronomic traits of animals and plants and life sciences.

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Wu Jinshuangxia said that the occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests, such as rice, cotton, and wheat, was caused by the "internal and external cooperation" of crop genes and viruses. There are pest-inducing genes in crop genes, which are usually in a silent state. Once the virus strikes, these "spiders" become active and cause crop diseases. Nowadays, they are usually controlled by external drug spraying or biological resistance.

If you use gene editing technology, you can accurately find the "spider" in the gene and accurately attack it, and knock out the "spider" gene, so the crop will not be infected.

Cultivate "green" cotton with abundant genetic materials

The apple is easy to change color after cutting, it is ugly and not delicious. Apple can't control technology, but technology can change Apple.

Currently, foreign agricultural companies have developed non-browning apple varieties and marketed them in the United States. This apple uses gene editing technology to knock out the gene that causes browning, and it will not be oxidized and discolored in the air after being cut.

This is just a small trial of gene editing technology in crop breeding. Gene editing applications are endless. Jin Shuangxia introduced that, in addition to apples that do not change color, the technology can also breed new varieties faster and more efficiently, greatly increasing crop yields, improving the ability of crops to resist drought and pests, and increasing nutritional value.

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At present, the Jin Shuangxia team has used gene editing technology to develop cotton herbicide-resistant materials to achieve resistance to herbicides, which has been successful in small-scale experiments. At the same time, the team used high-throughput gene editing technology to saturate thousands of cotton genes to create rich genetic materials and cultivate more "green" cotton that is resistant to pests, high yields and good quality.

Wu Jinshuangxia believes that although the source of gene editing technology is abroad, a large number of domestic researchers are developing original gene editing systems in important crops such as rice, corn, wheat, and rapeseed to seize the commanding heights of crop gene editing.

Source: Global Textile Network

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