Knitting Fair is very sorry hear that the epidemic situation has not become clear because of the improvement of China's situation. Slightly turning global trade, or ushering in new challenges again!
Italy: 11 cities in Europe close
According to information compiled by public media reports, the number of confirmed cases in Italy has surged in the past two days. As of 0:00 on the 24th local time, a total of 157 cases of neocoronavirus pneumonia were confirmed in Italy! At present, the Italian region at the center of the epidemic has been called "the Wuhan of Europe" by the media! The severity of the epidemic is evident!
In order to curb the spread of the epidemic, the Italian government has issued an executive order to impose blockades on 11 cities and towns, restrict access, send police to strengthen access control, and if necessary, will dispatch the military. Residents who violate restrictions on the epidemic area will be subject to criminal punishment.
Italy's "Republica" reported on February 22 that the Italian government held a press conference on the country's new crown virus infection pneumonia that night confirmed that as of February 22, the country has confirmed a total of 79 cases of new coronary pneumonia, a surge of 76 cases. Of the 79 cases, two died and one was discharged.
The 76 confirmed diagnoses are mainly concentrated in the northern Lombardy (54 cases) and Veneto (17 cases). In response, the Italian Prime Minister Conte and his cabinet issued an executive order last night to implement epidemic blockade measures on 11 cities and towns in these two regions since February 23. It is expected that about 50,000 residents will be affected. Among them, 10 are in Lombardy, concentrated about 60 kilometers southeast of Milan.
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These include school suspensions, banning all public activities, closing shops and museums, stopping all sporting events, and restricting crowds and logistics.
Italian Prime Minister Conte said that such strict control measures could be applied to other regions depending on the development of the epidemic. He hinted that the possibility of "Italy suspending the issuance of Schengen visas" was not ruled out.
Italy is the first country in Europe to have a new case of death from new coronary pneumonia. On the 23rd, the country's confirmed cases surged from 79 the day before to 132. The spike in infections has spread nervousness. "Global Times" reporters saw that in Milan, the capital of Lombardy, some people began to buy and hoard food and daily necessities.
"This may be just the beginning of the European epidemic," commented German News and TV on the 23rd. Just a few days ago, Europe was still arguing about China's quarantine and epidemic prevention policy, and Italy is now learning from China. The epidemic is spreading in Italy, weakening European defences!
South Korea: Outbreak out of control, 12 countries impose entry controls on South Korea!
South Korea has now become the country with the worst epidemic after China. According to a report by the Central Epidemic Prevention Department of the Republic of Korea on the morning of the 24th, South Korea added 161 new confirmed cases of New Coronavirus infection, and one new death. At present, there are 763 confirmed cases in South Korea!
In addition, South Korea ’s Ministry of Defense reported on the 24th that as of Monday, 11 soldiers had been confirmed as new cases of pneumonia, of which 8 were confirmed by the Army and 1 each by the Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. Another 7,700 people were isolated to prevent further transmission of the virus in military camps.
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Data show that just last weekend, South Korea surged 398 new cases of neonatal pneumonia, an increase of 195% in just two days. South Korean President Moon Jae-in announced on Sunday that he would raise the new crown epidemic alert to the highest level, giving the government the right to take comprehensive measures to curb the epidemic in particularly severe cities.
In just 5 days, the number of confirmed diagnoses in South Korea has increased by 20 times. And just the day before yesterday, with the first confirmed case of new crown pneumonia in Ulsan, South Korea ’s last line of defense was also breached, and the national epidemic map turned red without a clear land.
It seems to be realizing that the epidemic is now out of control, and the South Korean authorities hastily announced that the pneumonia epidemic has entered a serious situation. The city of Seoul announced that it would suspend all rally activities in the city, and offenders would be fined 3 million won.
However, there are still Korean citizens who, despite the official ban, hold marches and rallies as scheduled under windy and rainy conditions. Most of the citizens are elderly people, and the people do n’t even wear masks.
According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea on the 23rd, as of now, there are 12 countries that have banned entry of people from South Korea or strengthened immigration management measures.
Israel and Bahrain prohibit entry of Korean citizens and foreigners from South Korea. Samoa, Brunei, the United Kingdom, Oman, Ethiopia, Uganda and other countries require that people from South Korea be separated from their homes for 14 days or undergo medical observation.
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According to media reports, recently, the CDC of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced that it is preparing for the new crown virus to become a global pandemic, and US businesses and schools may need to be closed.
From Europe to the Americas, from the Far East to the Middle East, the epidemic has not become clearer with the improvement of China. The closure of Italy and the restrictions on entry to Korea by 12 countries have greatly hindered the pace of global economic recovery.
With the deterioration of the epidemic outside China, global trade may continue to be under pressure! As the most active and largest foreign trade in China's textile industry, it is bound to bear the brunt.
Source: Global Textile Network
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Knitting Fair get new that among many pollution-creating industries, textile has a larger share in terms of its impact with regard to noise, air, and effluent. It is, therefore, felt worthwhile to study the environmental hazards associated with various operations of textiles. In this paper, pollution arising out of noise and air is discussed. Areas of concern and their appropriate rectifying procedures are also taken into account.
Ecological degradation happens in natural fiber right from cultivation to finishing of the ultimate product. Prominent parameters and the possible package of corrective measures are highlighted. Synthetic fiber industry is not an exception to environmental pollution and therefore various pollution-creating activities are pointed out. Management of various textile wastes is also mentioned in this paper.
Introduction
Indian textile industry is a unique combination of growth, development and export performance. This identity is now been checked and challenged. Where is the problem? The concern is because of the anthropogenic sources of pollution. Green parties today insisting upon the manufacturing, processing and disposal of textile products as per environmental norms. The commercial decision in global business now depends on how much conscious we are in protecting our environment. So, there is a wake-up call for the textile industry.
What we are doing to harm our environment? Which are the areas causing destruction to our biosphere? What should we do to remain in the competition? Will our business exist? These are the questions to be investigated and the motivating factor for this study.
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Eco Degradation in Textile Industry
Textile industry contributes 30% of India’s export. It produces over 400 million meters of cloth and around 1000 million kg of yarn per annum. The textile sector is labour intensive and nearly a million workers are associated in various unit operations of about 700 mills. There exist a number of important environmental benchmarks, associated with the key environmental issues. Because of the nature of the industry, many of these are directed towards wet processing which tends to be the most obviously polluting sub-sector.
Textile wet processing activity contributes about 70% of pollution in the textile industry. It is estimated that there are around 12,500 textile processing units wherein the requirement of water ranges from 10 litres with an average of 100 litres per kg [1]. Right from cotton cultivation and manufacture of fibres, spinning, weaving, processing and finishing, more than 14,000 dyes and chemicals are used and a significant quantity of these goes in the solid, liquid and air wastes, thereby impart pollution of air, land and surface water.
Towards the end of the 20th century, the world has become more environmentally conscious and thus the green textile concept is emerged to facilitate eco-management in the textile arena. Different unit operations, which contribute to eco-degradation, are described and analysed in this chapter.
Noise Pollution
Noise is one of the most pervasive environmental problems. There is no doubt that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their surroundings.
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Noise Levels in Textile Machinery
1.Noise Levels in Yarn Production
Because of high spindle speeds reached on new machines (ring spindles up to 20000 rpm, rotor up to 110000 rpm) spinning mills can generally be assumed to generate a great deal of noise. Noise levels of 70 to 100 dB are commonly recorded in workrooms.
2.Noise Levels in Weaving and Knitting
Although considerable progress has been made in the weaving sector over the last 20 years, the whole area of noise nuisance and, closely associated with it, vibration coming from looms, cause major problems.
Noise levels of 100 to 120 dB must be expected in weaving rooms, according to the design, type, fitting, erection and number of looms used, fabric structure, building type and size etc. The vibration transmitted from the running looms to the building can, under certain circumstances, cause a nuisance to the local population and damage to nearby buildings, and to avoid these special vibration absorbers are now provided.
However, the permissible limit set up at 90 dB by Federal Standards of the USA for a maximum exposure duration of 8 hours per day. Typical values of the noise level in textile machines are shown in Table I.
Noise Level Remedial Measures
Noise level can be lowered by the use of noise control enclosures, absorbers, silencers and baffles and by the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as earmuffs. Where technical methods are insufficient, noise exposure may be reduced by the use of hearing protection and by administrative controls such as limiting the time spent in a noisy environment and scheduling noisy operation outside normal shifts or at a distant location. Even though noise-reducing measures may have been incorporated in the design of the machinery, the greater output may generate higher noise levels. For instance, every doubling of the speed of rotary machines the noise emission rises by about 7 dB, warp knitting machines by 12 dB and in fans by around 18 to 24 dB.
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Noise pollution is a problem that has unsatisfactorily been tackled so far. Though noise-absorbing sheets are used to cover the inner walls of loom shed, still more appropriate means need to be devised. In modern shuttle less looms because of better engineering designs of the machines the noise level is lesser. But those shuttle-less looms are costly.
Source: Subrata Das, Dr.
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